A graphical representation of a steradian. It is the solid angle subtended at the center of a unit sphere by a unit area on its surface. (Wikipedia)
Made by Bartman on http://golatex.de/3d-kugel-in-tikz-t17380.html
The part of the cone is from http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/186109/213
Edit and compile if you like:
% Steradian cone in sphere % Author: Bartman \documentclass[tikz,border=10pt]{standalone} \usepackage{sansmath} \usetikzlibrary{shadings,intersections} \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}[font = \sansmath] \coordinate (O) at (0,0); % ball background color \shade[ball color = blue, opacity = 0.2] (0,0) circle [radius = 2cm]; % cone \begin{scope} \def\rx{0.71}% horizontal radius of the ellipse \def\ry{0.15}% vertical radius of the ellipse \def\z{0.725}% distance from center of ellipse to origin \path [name path = ellipse] (0,\z) ellipse ({\rx} and {\ry}); \path [name path = horizontal] (-\rx,\z-\ry*\ry/\z) -- (\rx,\z-\ry*\ry/\z); \path [name intersections = {of = ellipse and horizontal}]; % radius to base of cone in ball \draw[fill = gray!50, gray!50] (intersection-1) -- (0,0) -- (intersection-2) -- cycle; % base of cone in ball \draw[fill = gray!30, densely dashed] (0,\z) ellipse ({\rx} and {\ry}); \end{scope} % label of cone \draw (0.25,0.4) -- (0.9,0.1) node at (1.05,0.0) {$q$}; % ball \draw (O) circle [radius=2cm]; % label of ball center point \filldraw (O) circle (1pt) node[below] {$P$}; % radius \draw[densely dashed] (O) to [edge label = $r$] (-1.33,1.33); \draw[densely dashed] (O) -- (1.33,1.33); % cut of ball surface \draw[red] (-1.35,1.47) arc [start angle = 140, end angle = 40, x radius = 17.6mm, y radius = 14.75mm]; \draw[red, densely dashed] (-1.36,1.46) arc [start angle = 170, end angle = 10, x radius = 13.8mm, y radius = 3.6mm]; \draw[red] (-1.29,1.52) arc [start angle=-200, end angle = 20, x radius = 13.75mm, y radius = 3.15mm]; % label of cut of ball surface \draw (-1.2,2.2) -- (-0.53,1.83) node at (-1.37,2.37) {$A$}; \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}
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